1. Production process of C93200 copper tube

1. Melting and casting

Raw material ratio: cathode copper is the main material, and alloy elements such as tin, lead, and zinc are added (such as Cu 81-85%, Sn 6.3-7.5%, Pb 6-8%, and Zn 1-4%), and the impurity content (such as Fe, S, etc.) is strictly controlled.

Melting process: horizontal continuous casting or centrifugal casting technology is adopted, and the melting temperature is controlled at 980-1038℃ (liquidus temperature) to ensure the uniformity of alloy composition.

Casting: The tube billet is formed by the horizontal continuous casting process, and then cut to a fixed length to reduce the subsequent processing allowance.

2. Forming processing

Rolling: The tube billet is cold-rolled or hot-rolled using a planetary rolling mill (three-roll or four-roll), which significantly reduces the outer diameter and wall thickness and improves the surface finish.

Stretching process: The tube is stretched to the target size in stages using joint stretching (two-joint or three-joint stretching) and coil stretching technology, and high-precision forming is achieved through mold optimization.

Internal thread forming: For special purposes such as air conditioning, a spiral internal thread is formed on the inner wall of the tube through spinning or rolling process to enhance heat exchange efficiency.

3. Heat treatment and surface treatment

Annealing process: Bell-shaped annealing is performed at 500-600℃ to eliminate cold working stress, restore material plasticity, and avoid excessive grain growth.

Online heat treatment: Rapid recrystallization annealing is performed in combination with the stretching process to improve the consistency of the mechanical properties of the tube.

Surface finishing: Milling surface treatment removes the oxide layer, and flaw detection ensures that there are no defects such as pores and cracks.

4. Environmental protection and efficiency optimization

Short process: Omit the traditional hot working steps and directly form through cold working to reduce energy consumption.

Waste heat recovery: Use the waste heat of cooling water in the continuous casting crystallization process to reduce energy waste.

Pollutant control: Use cyclone + bag dust removal, wastewater reuse and other technologies to achieve standard discharge of waste gas and waste liquid.

2. Product advantages of C93200 copper tube

1. Excellent mechanical properties

High strength and wear resistance: tensile strength of 240-300 MPa, yield strength of 130-150 MPa, Brinell hardness of 75 HBW, suitable for high-load bearings, bushings and other parts.

Friction reduction characteristics: lead element (6-8%) forms a lubricating film, reduces the friction coefficient and prolongs the life of the equipment.

Fatigue limit: fatigue strength of 110 MPa, suitable for mechanical parts with frequent alternating loads (such as automobile connecting rod bushings).

2. Excellent corrosion resistance

Resistant to seawater and chemical media: tin element forms a stable oxide film, which performs well in seawater and acidic and alkaline environments, and is suitable for ship propellers, chemical pumps and valves, etc.

Resistant to atmospheric corrosion: outdoor decorative parts (such as sculptures, doors and windows) maintain stable color for a long time, reducing maintenance costs.

3. Good processing performance

Adaptability to hot and cold processing: various forming processes such as rolling, stretching, and stamping can be carried out, with a yield rate of more than 95%.

Cutting and welding performance: high lead content improves cutting efficiency, supports argon arc welding, laser welding and other connection methods.

4. Thermal and electrical properties

Thermal conductivity: thermal conductivity 58.2 W/m·K, suitable for heat exchange equipment such as radiators and condensers.

Electrical conductivity: electrical conductivity 12% IACS, can be used for some electrical connectors (such as brush holders).

5. Wide range of applications

Machinery manufacturing: bearings, gears, hydraulic press bushings (high wear resistance, low friction requirements).

Shipping and chemical industry: seawater pump sleeves, valve seals (high corrosion resistance requirements).

Architecture and decoration: door handles, window frames (both aesthetics and weather resistance).

Aerospace: engine bushings, landing gear bearings (high strength and high temperature stability).